RTE and Minority Educational Institutions

RTE and Minority Educational Institutions

News: Recently, the Supreme Court has refused to entertain a petition questioning the exclusion of madrasas and Vedic schools (Minority Educational Institutions (MEI)) from the ambit of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act 2009.

Details:
• The exclusion of these institutions was specifically inserted into the 2009 Act by an amendment of August 2012.Earlier, a report by the NCPCR showed the disproportionate number of minority institutions or dominance of non-minority category in Minority institutions.

What are Legal Provisions regarding MEI and RTE?
• Article 21A describes modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children aged between 6-14 years in India under Article 21 (A) of the Constitution of India (86th Amendment).The Act mandates 25% reservation for disadvantaged sections of the society where disadvantaged groups include:
o SCs and STs
o Socially Backward Class
o Differently abled
• Article 29 and 30 of Indian Constitution contain provisions securing rights of minorities and minority-run institutions.Minority institutions have the fundamental right under Article 30 of the Constitution to establish and administer their educational institutions according to their choice.
• In this context, RTE was amended to add in Sections 1(4) and 1(5) of the Act.
• Section 1(5) of the RTE Act states, “Nothing contained in this Act shall apply to madrasas, Vedic pathshalas and educational institutions primarily imparting religious instruction.
• Section 1(4) of the RTE states that “Subject to the provisions of Articles 29 and 30 of the Constitution, the provisions of this Act shall apply to conferment of rights on children to free and compulsory education.

Arguments by petitioners:
• Sections 1(4) and 1(5) fail to consider that children aged between 6 and 14 years are in their formative years and such education brings about a religious connotation in the mind of children.
• Introduction of common syllabus and common curriculum would enable every child to be placed on a level playing field for the challenges of the future.
• Right of a child should not be restricted only to free education, but must be extended to have equal quality education without discrimination on the ground of child's social economic and cultural background.
• It would meaningfully contribute in achieving the great golden goals as set out in the preamble, particularly fraternity, unity and national integration.
• Therefore, the court may declare Sections 1(4) and 1(5) of the 2009 Act arbitrary and irrational.