BuffaloPox

Facts for Prelims

BuffaloPox

News: The recent spread of monkeypox to non-endemic countries has trained the spotlight on reemerging viruses such as buffalopox, which was first identified in India. Since the first case in 1934 globally recorded in India, the country has seen several sporadic outbreaks.

About:
• It is a zoonotic disease endemic to India.
• It has its root in smallpox vaccines. Live virus used to inoculate buffaloes to produce the smallpox vaccine in India evolved into buffalopox over time.
• It is caused by buffalopox virus (BPXV); it is a Poxviridae for which the natural host is buffalo.
• It is classified in the Orthopoxvirus (OPV)

Symptoms
• It is associated with high morbidity (80%)
• The clinical symptoms of the disease are characterized by wartline lesions on the udder, teats, inguinal region, and over the parotid.
• In the severe form, generalized rash is observed. 

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