State of World Population Report 2023

State of World Population Report 2023
 

News: The State of World Population (SWP) Report 2023 by UNFPA reveals that India has just surpassed China as the most populous country, with a population of 142.86 crores compared to China’s 142.57 crores.
 

About State of World Population Report:
 The State of World Population Report is an annual publication by UNFPA.
 The recent report highlights emerging issues in sexual and reproductive health and rights. By bringing these topics to the forefront, the report explores the challenges and opportunities they offer for global development.
 

About UNFPA:

 UNFPA is the United Nations sexual and reproductive health agency. Their mission is to deliver a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person's potential is fulfilled.
 UNFPA is formally named the United Nations Population Fund. The organization was created in 1969, the same year the United Nations General Assembly declared “parents have the exclusive right to determine freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children.”
 

Key Findings of SWP report On India’s population:
 India’s population is projected to reach 142.86 crores by mid-2023, slightly surpassing China’s 142.57 crore population.
 India’s population growth has slowed down significantly in the past 10 years, with the total fertility rate (TFR) declining to 2 in 2020-2021 from about 3.4 in the early 1990s. A TFR of 2.1 is necessary for a country to attain population stability.
 Two-thirds of India’s total population are between the ages of 15 and 64, which presents a potential demographic dividend if education, skill development, and opportunities are provided, particularly for youth from disadvantaged sections and women.
 India’s population is forecast to grow to 1.67 billion in 2050 and peak at 1.7 billion in 2064 before settling at 1.53 billion in 2100, according to UN estimates.
 The report highlights that population anxieties have seeped into large portions of the general public, and in some cases, coercive methods have been introduced in family planning policies in certain states.
 

Key Findings (World specific)
 44% of women can’t make choices about their reproductive health, contraception and whether to have sex.
 By 2050, eight countries will account for half of the projected global population growth. They are Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Tanzania.
 Two-thirds of people live in countries with low fertility rates. Europe is the only region expected to experience an overall population decline between now and 2050.
 African countries have the highest fertility rates, including Niger, Chad, DR Congo, Somalia, Mali, and the Central African Republic.
 Territories with the lowest birth rates are Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Macau, San Marino, Aruba, and China