Cervical Cancer

Cervical Cancer

News: The Government proposes to promote vaccination of girls aged 9-14 for prevention of cervical cancer and tackle malnutrition among women in its latest Budget speech.

What is Cervical Cancer?
• Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is often caused by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus that’s passed through sexual contact.

Key Facts:
• It is the fourth most common cancer in women globally.
• The highest rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality are in low- and middle-income countries.
• Women living with HIV are 6 times more likely to develop cervical cancer compared to women without HIV.
• Cervical cancer can be cured if diagnosed at an early stage and treated promptly.

Symptoms:
• Vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods or after menopause.
• Menstrual bleeding that is heavier and lasts longer than usual.
• Watery, bloody vaginal discharge that may be heavy and have a foul odor.
• Pelvic pain or pain during intercourse.

About HPV Vaccine:
• The HPV vaccine is designed to protect against the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus that’s passed through sexual contact and can cause certain types of cancer and genital warts.
• Three HPV vaccines have been licensed in the U.S.: Gardasil, Gardasil 9, and Cervarix. Since late 2016, only Gardasil-9 is distributed in the United States.

Government of India’s efforts:
• Cervical Cancer Vaccination: The government has announced the promotion of cervical cancer vaccination for girls aged 9-14. This proactive approach seeks to protect young girls from preventable diseases and deaths.
• Inclusion in Immunisation Program: The government is planning to include the HPV vaccine in the country’s immunisation program, potentially making vaccines to prevent cervical cancer more affordable.
• Indigenous Vaccine Development: India’s first indigenously developed quadrivalent Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer was launched. (qHPV vaccine CERVAVAC).