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India and the Nuclear Weapon
Background: This article is based on How a nuclear ‘chain reaction’ and neighbourhood challenges led to India
acquiring its n-weapons that was covered recently in The Indian Express.
How did India evolve its Nuclear power?
Year | Event |
1947 – 1948 | India gains independence and Atomic Energy Act was passed in 1948. |
1950 | Nehru’s dual intent strategy on nuclear power. |
1964 | China conducts its First nuclear test prompting India to think about its own nuclear capabilities. |
1974 | India conducts its own Nuclear Test (Smiling Buddha) under Indira Gandhi’s leadership |
1985 | US President R Reagan tells Rajiv Gandhi about Pakistan’s bomb. Rajiv Gandhi considers developing India’s own bomb. |
1998 | Prime Minister Vajpayee oversaw nuclear tests in 1998 in Pokhran (Operation Shakti) |
1999 | Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan. |
2005 | Indo-US nuclear deal negotiations begin. |
2008 | Indo-US nuclear deal ratified by Nuclear Suppliers Group. |
What is India’s Nuclear Doctrine Policy? (At present)
• India’s nuclear doctrine policy is that of a credible minimum deterrence (CMD) and a no-first-use (NFU) policy, while concurrently supporting non-proliferation and universal disarmament.
• For example, in the 2019 Balakot surgical strike, even though India had nuclear capabilities, it opted for conventional warfare, ensuring peace.
How has Nuclear power empowered India?
• It gives opportunity to think and maintain independent stance in decision making as far as National security matters are concerned.
• It elevates India’s status as a responsible nuclear power on the global stage and enhances India’s leverage in international diplomatic negotiations.
• It contributes to clean energy generation and reduces dependence on fossil fuels.
• It provides credible deterrence against our adversaries.
• It facilitates collaboration with other nations in nuclear research and trade.
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